Micrometer construction



Allg. 4, V1931. V KARLSSON 1,817,516

MIcRoMETER CONSTRUCTION Filled Jan. s 1927 0S car af ss azz PatentedAug. `4, 1931 OSCAR V. KARLSSON, OF DETBQIT, MICHIGAN M IcnonmnnCONSTRUCTION 'Application inea January a, 1927. serm 110-158,756.

rlhis invention' relates generally to micrometers and refers lmoreparticularly toy one Wherein'a fine Vernier adjustment may be obtained.`An object v,of thepresent invention is to provide'a micrometer havingmeans `for accurately 'reading fractional v'parts `of'a thousandth'of'an inch.` vAnother object is to provide 'a micrometer iii-*Whichsuch a reading may be quickly ob'tainedby simple and easy adjustment ofthe micrometer. 7 f

Further objects'of the invention reside in the novel features ofconstruction and combinations and arrangements of parts as more fullyhereinafter set forth.

In the accompanyingdrawings:

Figure 1 is a side lelevati-on ofva micrometer constructedinwaccordancevvith the present invention; Y i

Figure 2 ,is a longitudinal sectional view thereof; y

Figure ,3 is a" section on lineBfS of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is ya detail of yaflat spring for holding the cloggingmemberjin place;

" Figure 5 is a modified form o the clogging means. Figure 6 is asection taken on the Surrounding the housing 3- is :a sleeve 7 which issplined thereto yas at 8, so as to be capable of longitudinal movementonly.7^ .As shown this sleeve providedfadjacent one end thereof vvithaninternal annularflange Q'Which, is adapted to engage an annular groove10 provided inthe peripheryfof an v enlarged head Ilfof Vthe spindle 4.One' face ofthehead 11 is adapted 'to lie Hush with an end'portionoffthe sleeve .7 and lis prio vided with aserie's of ntche's"12.-*'Asishown the end portion of the sleeve is also provided VWith 'a seriesofnot'ches 13' surrounding the 'notches 12 and so arranged as to totalone less in number than the notches l2 of the head.; g

Surrounding theinner sleeve 7 is an vouter sleeve 14 constituting arotatable' operating member Which is provided at oney end there'- ofwith an internal collar 15 having mounted thereinfa spring pressed dog16 adapted to slide over the notched portions 12v and '13 of the sleeveYand head for a purpose herein after described.

ExtendingV from the head 11 and axially arranged with respect tothe'remainder of the spindle lis a tubular end portion 17 supporting thecollar 15. As shown a lock-y ing member, 18 is Aadapted `to be mountedisis,l

Within" the tubular portion 17 and is lprovided With ay segmental recessj 19 cooperat-v ing With recessed portions 20 vand 21 in'the collarandtubular yportion respectively for .1 Y

housing a ball 22.

The end portion of the locking .member 18f is screw threadedvto receivea knobv 23 Which when rotated in one vdirection operates to movethemember 18 outwardly and force'the ball into engagement With therecessedv portions 20 and 21 to clutch the spin dle 4c and sleeve 1K1ytogether. When` the knob is rotated inthe opposite direction, the

vlocking member is movedinwardly s'o as toV y bring the largestportionf'of the segmental recess into alignmentV with therecessedportions 2Oy and 21: andfthereby unclutch the. sleeve 141 fromthe spindleA 4. .l l

* It should be 'stated that the arrangement of the parts, are'such thatthe ball 22jv will alvvays'engage the slot 19 to suchv anwexte'ntV as toprevent rotationof the member 18.

kist

The b 'all'vvill permit a limited sliding move'- f ment ofthe member 18in the endr portion 17 this movement being determined by the length ofthe; slot 19. Thus when the knob 23 is rotated upon themember 18, asliding .movement of this member is effected. I 'n Figure2 the memberisshown as being moved to .the right asy faras possible, the

ballpreventin'gfany further movement in that direction, The; knobv inthis position f has of course been screwed upon the member as far aspossible and is prevented from being unscrewed by giving the same anextra turn when it engages the end of the portion 17, this beingsufficient to lock the parts in clutched position.

When the parts are unclutched and the recess21 has been moved out ofregister with the recess 20 upon rotation of the sleeve 14 and thecollar 15 the ball will be forced into thev enlarged central portion Vof-the recess 19 and will function to retain the member 18 in its inwardlyextended posi-V tion.

The housing 3 is provided with the usual linear calibrations 24 and theksleeve 14 with the fractional markings 25 which are adapted to givecalculationsdown to the thousandth of an inch. Upon the-other end of thesleeve .are other calibrations 26 cov operating'with markings 26 upon anend portion of the spindle to also give the fractional readings the sameas the calibrations 25 when the'parts arev clutched. The markings 25 and26 are also designed to give measurements down to the fractions of athousandth of an inch and in the present case are calibrated to givereadings down to one-twentieth-fifth of a thousandth.

In operation, assuming that a piece of material A is to be measured, thesleeve 14 is rotated in the usual manner for obtaining the ordinaryreadings down to a thousandth of ,an inch. During this adjustment thespindle 4 because of being clutched tothe sleeve 14 will, of course,rotate therewith. However, the inner sleeve 7 because of being splinedto the housing 3 cannot rotate, ybut as it is secured to the head l11`it will travel longitudinally of the housing with the spindle and willgive the linear measurements, which, in the present instance, is denotedas .500. v.As will be noted, the longitudinal fline of the markings 24upon the housing is extended to the sleeve 7 so that `the correctfractional measurements may be easilyread from the calibrations 25, thereading in the present instance indicating 0021-5005502. The reading of.002 is obtained by reading Ythe number of points from 0 on the markings25, 26 or 26 to the longitudinal 24. Figurel shows the posi-- tion ofthe parts after the sleeve 14 has been unclutched so that thecalibrations 26 would be thelonly ones to give the reading of thethousandthof an inch. Before the parts are unclutched however; the Zeromarking of the calibrations 25 will also be in alignment with thezero'marking of the calibrations 2 6 botlrof which will be two and afraction `points from thelline 24', the 2 indicat- .ing the thousandthsofv an inch, the remainderindicating the fractional part ofag'thousandth lwhich is .still to be. determined. 11.

If it is now desired to obtain a fine vernier reading down to a fractionof a thousandth of an inch, the sleeve 14 is then unclutched from thespindle 4 by turning the knob 23 and moving the locking member 18inwardly so as to allow the ball to enter the segmental recess 19. Asstated aforesaid, the notches in the head 7 are designed to exceed byone the number of notches in the sleeve 7 and the members are soarranged thatonly one notch of the sleeve will register with the notchof the head. It Will therefore be apparent that during the ordinaryoperation of the micrometer the dog 16 will rotate with the sleeve 14and spindle 5 `and willv therefore slide over the notches in the sleeve7 Likewise when the sleeve 14 is unclutched from the spindle 4 and isthen rotated it'will also move j the dog 16 over the series of notches12 and 173k until it reaches the point where the notches of each seriesare in register, whereupon further movement is arrested by theengagement of the said dog with the aligned notches. A y Y It should bestated at this point that a line 25 on the sleeve 7 is spaced exactlyonetwenty-lifth of a thousandth of an inch from the line 24', thearrangement being such that the marking of the calibrations 25 which isbetween these two lines'when the sleeve 14 is arrested, will indicatethe fraction of a thousandth of an inch. In Figure 1 the parts are shownin the final position of adjustment and the sleeve 14 after beingunclutched has been rotated as far as possible with the fourteenthmarking of the calibrations 25, being positioned between the lines 24`and.25,Y thus indicating that the additional fraction isfourteen-twenty-fifths of athousandth of an inch7 the final readingbeing j.502-l-'.001 14/25.

It will be apparent that as soon as the sleeve 14 and spindle 4 areunclutched and the sleeve rotated the first' readings of .502 will bedestroyed. If, however, it should be desired to again ascertain thesefirst readings, `it will only be necessary to note which marking of thecalibrations 25 is nearest the line 24. Then take the correspondingmarking on the calibrations 26 and read the markings back to the zeropoint of the calibrations 26. In Figure 1 this is shown as being 2 and afraction, the 2 indicating the y .002 and theffracti'on being the partsof the thousandths of an inch-` which of course has already been clearlyindicated. .I

In the present invention there are provided 24 notches on the sleeve and25 on the headV and the size ofthe parts are so con- Y structed as toindicate one-twenty-fifth Vof a thousandth oran inch. Howeverythe mincrometer may be constructed so as to give any fraction which may befound convenient for the work to be measured. It

with a 'seriesof notches'V surrounding .the-

vwill be indicated as explained above.

' @einem f vSheuld, he ,explained that readings may also be .obtainedwith the parts initially u nelutehed- .By have-ieg the member constantlylurged outwardly by means of thespiing 30, the ball 2,2will beretainedin the position shown in Figure hold the parts 17 and 15 together-duringthe rotation of the sleeve 14 until the end ,of the spindle L ehseeeethe werk A- At this peint the readings down to the thousandth ofan inchAny further movement of the spindle is impossible so that when thesleeve 11iv is again r0- tated the ball'22will be forced inwardly'andpermitrelative movement between the parts 15 and 17. The sleeve 1 4 willcontinue to rotate by itself until ther dog 16 yengages in the alignednotches, whereupon the. final reading can bevascertained ,byvdetermining the number ,of the markings between the lines 2li and 25'.'e

f vFigure, LLshovvs a modification in Which-y a substantially ilatspring 27 is used inplace of the coil spring shown in Figure2 forforcing the dog 16 against the notches. In

i Vthis arrangement the collar 15 isprovided with a cut-awayy portion onits outer face to allow for the insertionof the flat, spring. As shownthis spring is provided aty one end thereoin With an aperture 28 forengaging a projection 29 on the rdog v1,6. When i the Sleeve ahdepindle,are vune hitched theoperation is the saine as usualexcept that the collar 15 is moved by the flat spring, carrying with it the dog 16 forengagingk the notches. From the foregoing it will heapparent that 1 haveprovided a 4micrometer with meansfor not only giving the usualmeasurements, but have incorporated therein the additional feature efProviding means for indicating readings down tothe fractions of athousandth of an inch, 1

While ii is. believed es imm the fore seins deeeriieheh the ,nature and.advantages' of Iny invention ,is readily understood, I; de-r sire. tohave it understood that I do not 'limitJ myself te the Speeiheeenetruetieh Sheva and described and that such changes be Vresorted to`when desiredas fall within the scope of the claims,

' VVhatI claim,aslmy-inventioiiis:

In a micrometer, the combination voi a hQusing, la spindle movablewithin' said housing, an outer sleeve surrounding said' housing kandnorinailyk clutched to the spindle for .adjusting the saine, ahead 01,1

said spindle. provided with a series. of' notches, an inner sleevemounted on said housing within said outer. sleeve and mov-4 ablyconnected to, saidhead aiidprovided notches ef Said-heed means.forner-many elutehihe eedeliteff Sleeve; and Spindle, end

means earriedhr said outer sleeve ariel adapted@ 'slide hier eine teefche clutched.

taining 'a vernier reading when the ysaid outer lsleeve and spindle arel,unclutched 2,' ln micrometer, ,the coinbinationof a hOusiI1g L spindlemovable within, saidvr housing, an outer sleevefsurroundingsaid,housingY and` miirmally clutched to the .spindle for'- adjustingthesame, a grooved hea-d on said spindle having a groove rthereinandprovidedewith a series of notches, an inner sleeve mounted withinsaid jouter sleeve and splined to said housing for longi-- tudinalmovement only, said sleeve being f provided with a v flange seating in-said groove and having an end portion provided withl a series ofnotches surrounding the notches of said head, means for normallyclutching said outer sleeve and spindle, and a dog carried by saidoutersleeve` and adapted to slide over said notches when the said sleeveand spindle; are unclu-tched for obtaining a Vernier rea-ding.-

a housing, a spindle movable within said housing, an outer sleevevsurrounding said housing and normally clutched to the l, spindle forvadjusting the saine, a head on- 3. In a micrometer, the combination withsaid spindle provided With aseries kof notches, an inner sleeveinountedon .said housing'vvithin said outer sleeve and mov'-,

ably connected to said yhead and provided y with a series ofnotches'surrounding the notches of said head and so arranged as to haveone notch thereof in register with one Of the notches of said-head,meansfor nor.-

mallyv clutching said -outer sleeve and spindle, and ya dog carried ybysaid outer sleeve and adapted to slide overl said notches for engagingsaid aligned notches'when the said outer sleeve and spindle areunclutched for obtainingavernier reading. 'i Y 4- ln a micrometer, thecombination of a housing `having linear calibrations., f a spindlemovable within said housing .relaf tive thereto and havingcalibrationsthereon, a sleeve surrounding said housing and northerewithand providedwith circumferential calibrations and means' vfor brationjs'on said sleevel beingy adapted ,to

ldesignate kcertain measurements when the' sleeveis clutched tothespindle, said4 calibratODs `beingadapted to Vindicate other measurementswhen the said partsk areV un- `surrounding said housing and normallyclutched to said spindle'and inovabletherewith and provided withcircumferential cali- `normally` clutching said vspindle and sleeve,-thecali-y .ice

ne', inally clutched to said spiiidleand iiziovablev brations von-eachend thereof and means for normallyy clutching said spindle and sleeve,

theffeelbretiehs `en eine, end of seid sleeve being adapted to cooperatewith the linear calibrations on the said housing for indicating certainfractional measurements when the said sleeve and spindle are clutchedand to indicate a Vernier reading when said parts are unclutched, thecalibrations on the other end of said sleeve being adapted to cooperatewith the calibrations on the spindle head for indicating both theaforesaid fractional measurements and also a vernier reading Vwhen thesaid parts are unclutched.

6. In a micrometer, the combination of a housing having linearcalibrations, a spindle movable within said housing relative thereto andprovided with an enlarged end portion having circumferentialcalibrations thereon, an inner sleeve mounted onv said housing forlongitudinal movement only and being adapted to cooperate therewith toindicate the linear measurements and being provided with markingsthereon, land an outer rotatable sleeve surrounding said inner sleevenormally-clutched to said spindle and provided with circumferentialcalibrations on each end thereof and means for normally clutching saidspindle and outer sleeve, the calibrations on one end of said outersleeve being adapted to cooperate with the markings on the inner sleevefor indicating certain fractional measurements when the said sleeve andspindle are clutched and to indicate a vernier reading when the partsare unclutched, and the calibrations on the other end of said outersleeve being adapted to cooperate with the calibrations on the spindlehead for indicating both the aforesaid fractional measurements and alsoa vernier reading when the said parts are unclutched.

7. In a micrometer, the combination of a housing, a screw in threadedengagement therewith having an enlarged head provided with a series ofnotches, a member nonrotatable with respect to said housing and having aseries of notches in vernier relationship with said firstmentionedvnotches, s. second' member rotatable with respect to saidhousing, and a dog carried by said last mentioned member and slidableover said notches for obtaining a vernier reading of said micrometer. Y

8; In a micrometer, the combination of a housing, a screw in threadedengagement therewith having a head providedwith a series of notches, amember non-rotatable with respect to said housing and having an endportion provided with a series of notches located adj acent said firstmentioned notches, a second member rotatable with respect to saidhousing, and a dog carried by said rotatable member and slidable oversaid notches for obtaining a vernier reading of said micrometer.

9. In a micrometer, the combination of a housing, a screwin `threadedengagement with said housing and having a head provided with a series ofnotches, a sleeve nonrotatable with respect to saidv housing andsurrounding said screw and housing provided' at one end thereof with aseries of notches surrounding said first mentioned notches in vernierrelationship therewith, a second sleeve rotatable with respect to saidhousing and surrounding said non-rotatable sleeve, and a dog carried bysaid rotatable i.

sleeve and slidable over said notches for obtaining a vernier reading ofsaid micrometer.

10. In a micrometer, the combination of a housing, a screw in threadedengagement II with said housing and having a head provided with a seriesof notches, a sleeve nonrotatable witlrrespect to said housing andsurrounding said Vscrew and housing and,l

provided at'rone end thereof with a series of notches surrounding saidfirst mentioned notches in vernier relationship therewith means fornormally clutching said sleeve *i and 'spindle whereby the same may beadjusted to obtain certain fractional measurements, and means forobtaining a vernier reading of the micrometer while the spindle is heldstationary when the said sleeve and spindle are unclutched.

12. In a micrometer, the combination of a housing, a spindle movablewithin said housing, means normally clutched to said spindle foradjusting the same,'means for clutching said first mentioned means tosaid spindle, and means for obtaining a vernier reading of themicrometer while said spindle is held stationary when said spindle andfirst mentioned means are unclutched.

13. In a micrometer, the combination with a housing, of a movablespindle carried thereby, a sleeve carried by the housing and movablerelative thereto, means for clutching saidV sleeve and spindle wherebythe same may be adjusted to obtain certain fractional measurements andmeans for obtaining a vernier reading on the micrometer without furtheradjustment of the spindle.

14. In a micrometer, the combination with a housing having linearcalibrations, of means movable within said housing and havingcircumferential calibrations thereon, means mounted on said housing formovement longitudinally thereof and adapted to itis fio

vio

cooperate with said housing to indicate linear measurements and providedwith markings, and means associated With said last-mentioned meansclutched to said firstmentioned means andprovided with calibrations, andmeans for .normally .clutching said first and last-mentioned means,certain of the calibrations on said last-mentioned means being adaptedto cooperate With the markings on the second-mentioned means forindicating certain fractional measurements when. the' saidsecond-mentioned means andy first-mentioned means are clutched and toindicate a Vernier reading when the parts are unclutched, and certainother calibrations on the said last-mentioned means being adapted tocooperate with the `calibrations on the first-mentioned means forindicating both'the aforesaid fractional measurements and also a Vernierreading When the said parts are unclutched.

In testimon;7 whereof I aiix my signature. v t

OSCAR V. KARLSSON.

